Compound for addition to motor fuel and the fuel resulting from such addition



Patented Fees, teas.

SAMUEL S. SADTLER, OF SPRINGFIELD TOWNSHIP, MONTGOMERY COUNTY, PENNSYL; VANIA, ASSIGNORLTO CHARLES C. BENTON, OE PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

COMPOUND FOR ADDITION TO MOTOR FUEL AND THE FUEL ADDITION.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it lrnown that I, SAMUEL S. SADTLER, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Springfield Township, in the county of hflontgomery and State of Pennsylvania,

have invented an Improvement in Compoupds for Addition to Motor Fuel and the Fuel Resulting from Such Addition, of which the followingis a specification.

1n the operation of internal combustion engines it has been found that the deposition of carbon upon the interior surface of the cylinders and upon other operative parts of the engines, such as the valves, interferes materially with efficient operation and reduces to a substantial extent the power output for-a given amount of fuel consumed. It is the object of my invention to prevent both corrosion and the separation of carbon in the operation of internal combustion engines and thereby prevent its deposition upon the operative parts of the engine structure. To this end I provide-a fuel comprising gasoline or other suitable petroleum distillate and an organic base in solution therein, which base contains nitrogen in a cyclic part of the molecule.

' There are a number of substances which may be employed, but those of which I have made the most use are pyridine and its naturally occurring homologues and similar nitrogenous bases of the aromatic series, such as quinoline, and piperidine which is the fully hydrogenated derivative of pyri- (line. v

I have been unable to determine the reason why it is that the presence of strong organic bases of the character indicated in a motor fuel, such as asoline or other petroleum 40 distillate, has t e effect of not only preventing the separation of carbon and the deposition thereof upon the working parts of internal combustion engines, but also tends to loosen and. remove that which is present. I suspect, however, that the small amount of organic base'present acts as a catalytic agent and that as a result of such action the formation of carbon and its deposition upon the working parts of the engine are prevented. However, the fact is, as demonstrated not only by a wide and extensive actual use and practice but experimentally, that the presence of very small quantities of RESULTING rnom suon Application filed November 29, 1922. Serial No. 604,098.

organic bases of the character indicated, such as pyridine, in motor fuel such as gasoline, not only has the effect stated but also is. further manifested by an increased output of power in proportion to the amount of fuel used.

The, improved product constituting my invention consists preferably of petroleum spirit, although commercial gasoline and other products of petroleum distillation may be employed, which contains in solution anhydrous pyridine or other organic bases of the character above indicated, such as quinoline, piperidine, etc., vor mixtures thereof. If pyridine, which contains water in solution, is added to petroleum spirit, gasoline or other similar petroleum distillate the mixture at first becomes milky, but in from twenty-four to forty-eight hours the Water will separate from the solution and collect at the bottom of the vessel containing the same leaving a. clear solution of the anhydrous pyridine in petroleum spirit, gasoline, or other petroleum distillate above. Either may thereafter be drawn off from the other.

lVlien perfectly dissolved and thus dis,

tributed through the petroleum spirit or gasoline the amount of pyridine required for efi'ecting the purposes and object of my invention is very small. In actual commercial practice I have obtained excellent results by the following procedure: ,Petroleum spirit or gasoline, preferably the former, and pyridine are mixed together in a suitable vessel or receptacle in the proportions of eighty-eight parts by volume of the former to twelve parts by volume of the latter. The mixture is attirst of a milky appearance, but after the same has been allowed to stand for a period of from twenty-four to forty-eight hours the moisture which may have been present in the pyridine separates out and settles to the bottom of the vessel or receptacle leaving a perfectly clear solution of anhydrous pyridine and petroleum spirit or gasoline as the case may be, either of which may be drawn off or removed Without disturbing the other. Although I have mentioned certain specific proportions I may vary and have in fact varied these proportions within a considerable range with satisfactory results. My invention, therefore, is not limited to the proportions above mentioned. To the solut on of petroleum spirit .or gasolme'and pyridine I may and sometimes do add one part of base of the character hereinbefore indicated or other organic base of the character above which contains moisture be mixed with petroleum spirit, gasoline, or other similar petroleum distillate a like result is obtained. In the use of the clear-solution of pyridine, quino line, pipcridine or the like from which all moisture or water has settled out, as above described, I add approximately five ounces thereof to ten gallons of gasoline of motor fuel grade; that is, commercial gasoline. I have found that this relatively small proportion of anhydrous pyridine, quinoline or the like or a mixture thereof, if in solution as above described, and perfectly distributed through the gasoline employed in the motor, is sufiicient for the purpose for which the invention is designed. I do not, however, Wish to confine myself to these proportions, but merely to indicate that the effective action of the pyridine or other like organic base containing nitrogen in a cyclic part of the molecule when" mixed -with gasoline or other similar petroleum distillate and vaporized -in the carburetor can be obtained by the employment of extremely small amounts of said ingredient.

The mixture of gasoline and the solution consisting of petroleum s irit, gasoline, or otherlike petroleulndistil ate and pyridine indicated produces a fuel, all of the ingredients of which are adapted to volatilize or vaporize in the carburetor and the presence thereof within the cylinder of an engine not only tends to prevent the'deposition of carbon therein and upon the parts thereof, but also tends to removeany carbon which already may havebecoine deposited therein or thereon.

The essential feature of my invention is to provide a motor fuel compound comprising gasoline or other suitable petroleum distillate and an anhydrous organic base, such as pyridine and its naturally occurring homologues, quinoline, piperidine, and thelike, in solution therein, which bosefconmagma drous organic base, but tliere is no reason why the proper proportions of such base unmixed with petroleum spirit or other like substance should not be added directly to the motor fuel, such as gasoline.

.It will be seen that my invention comprehendsnot only a compound of the character indicated which is adapted to be added to and mixed with a motor fuel, such as gasoline, but.th'at it also comprehends the fuel to which such compound has been add ed, the resultant constituting a motor fuel compound. The motor fuel compound differs from the compound to be added to the fuel merely in its degree of concentration. The proportion of organic base whether pyridine or quinoline or other base of the character indicated is much greater in the compound to be added to the fuel than it is in the fuel which is employed in engines.

The term petroleum spirit employed in the specification and claims is intended to include not only that substance but also any equivalent thereof, such as gasoline or other petroleum distillate; and also the Word pyridine employed in the specification and claims is intended to include not only that substance but also its naturally occurring himologues, quinoline, piperidine and the Having thus describedmy invention what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A compound which is adapted to be added to gasoline, for the purpose stated, which consists of a concentratedsolution of pyridine in petroleum spirit.

2. A compound which is adapted to be added to gasoline, which consists of a mixture of pyridine and quinoline in concentrated solution in petroleum spirit.-

3. A compound of the character described comprising I pyridine and petroleum spirit mixed togetherin the proportions of twelve par-ts more or less of the former and eighty eight parts more or less of the latter..

. 4. A fuel for internal combustion engines comprising gasoline and a small proportion of anhydrous pyridine. I

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention, 1 have hereunto signed my name this 18th day of November, A. D1922.

SAMUEL s. sanrnnn. 

